Well, yes. But this has not so much to do with images. You'll have different nodes using different container runtimes (as long as you bootstrap and label them correctly), but the image will be the same as defined ie. in your deployment

From Kubernetes 1.5 it has been introduced the Container Runtime Interface (CRI) – a plugin interface which enables kubelet to use a wide variety of container runtimes, without the need to recompile.

Kubelet communicates with the container runtime (or a CRI shim for the runtime) over Unix sockets using the gRPC framework, where kubelet acts as a client and the CRI shim as the server.

CRI allows runtime-specific implementations and enables Kubernetes to have a cluster with mixed nodes (with container-runtime: docker, rkt) and specify for each node the container you want to use.

Kubelet has a property for that:

--container-runtime string
    The container runtime to use. Possible values: 'docker', 'rkt'. (default "docker")

Reference:

• https://kubernetes.io/blog/2016/12/container-runtime-interface-cri-in-kubernetes/

• https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/command-line-tools-reference/kubelet/