You can use kubectl logs --previous to retrieve logs from a previous instantiation of a container.

1. Kubernetes does NOT provide built-in log rotation.

2. Check official Debug Running Pods documentation:

If your container has previously crashed, you can access the previous container's crash log with:

kubectl logs --previous ${POD_NAME} ${CONTAINER_NAME}

3. In my opinion you are asking not about logs on pod, you are more interested in full debug. Your starting point is again official documentation Troubleshoot Applications-Debugging Pods. ANd start check with kubectl describe pods ${POD_NAME}

4.All I wrote above is great, however sometimes the only way to get the logs is @confused genius answer.