My exposed service on nodePort seems to not allow traffic through it.
So how to add rules to allow traffic for that port range on CLI not on the console? 
EC2 Security groupsThere is a security group on your screen.
See more about security groups:
CLI for AWS Security groupsAs for CLI for working with AWS Security groups, see this article: Creating, Configuring, and Deleting Security Groups for Amazon EC2 - AWS Command Line Interface
$ aws ec2 create-security-group --group-name my-sg --description "My security group" --vpc-id vpc-1a2b3c4d
{
    "GroupId": "sg-903004f8"
}
$ aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress --group-id sg-903004f8 --protocol tcp --port 3389 --cidr 203.0.113.0/24The following command adds another rule to enable SSH to instances in the same security group.
$ aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress --group-id sg-903004f8 --protocol tcp --port 22 --cidr 203.0.113.0/24To view the changes to the security group, run the describe-security-groups command.
$ aws ec2 describe-security-groups --group-ids `sg-903004f8`O/P is:
{
    "SecurityGroups": [
        {
            "IpPermissionsEgress": [
                {
                    "IpProtocol": "-1",
                    "IpRanges": [
                        {
                            "CidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0"
                        }
                    ],
                    "UserIdGroupPairs": []
                }
            ],
            "Description": "My security group"
            "IpPermissions": [
                {
                    "ToPort": 22,
                    "IpProtocol": "tcp",
                    "IpRanges": [
                        {
                            "CidrIp": "203.0.113.0/24"
                        }
                    ]
                    "UserIdGroupPairs": [],
                    "FromPort": 22
                }
            ],
            "GroupName": "my-sg",
            "OwnerId": "123456789012",
            "GroupId": "sg-903004f8"
        }
    ]
}
awless.io - A Mighty CLI for AWSThere is also a bit outdated but still convenient CLI tool: wallix/awless: A Mighty CLI for AWS
A Mighty CLI for AWS http://awless.io/
Here the Medium post about it