I am trying to proxy all outbound traffic coming from a Kube cluster. Presumably, the topology would look something like this:
Preferably, I'm looking for a lightweight solution that doesn't require the installation of additional components, sidecars or a ton of configuration but I'm not entirely sure what the solution landscape looks like.
It feels straightforward enough so I'm hoping there's a straightforward solution.
For reference, I'm using an AKS cluster.
I don't know if this can be done with vanilla kubernetes. But what you are requesting sounds an awful lot like Istio.io "Egress Gateway" Feature.
https://istio.io/docs/tasks/traffic-management/egress/egress-gateway/
Though theoretically, you could program your application to always contact your proxy and then block egress to other ips using a Kubernetes Network Policy resource.
Another theoretical suggestion I can think of (though I've never done it) is to set up a default gateway for your AKS VNet and route all outgoing traffic to your proxy.